Laiku nepastebėjus kenkėjo, gali kilti pavojus visiškai sveikiems medžiams, o ilgainiui tose vietose gali nelikti spygliuočių.
Daugiau apie tai – TV3 žiniose.
Žievėgraužio tipografo padarytus nuostolius kartu su Vievio girininkijos miškininkais apžiūri Valstybinių miškų urėdijos Miško apsaugos skyriaus vadovas Marius Ivanauskas. Ir paaiškina, kodėl medis turi būti nupjautas nedelsiant.
„Kenkėjas ir sunaikina egles. Tas jo bukas užpakalis pritaikytas išstumti pjuvenas“, – pasakoja miškininkas
Jeigu bus pažeista, eglė bus palikta, kenkėjas persikels į greta esančias. Taip per mėnesį žievėgraužis tipografas sunaikino 26000 kubinių metrų eglių Trakų rajono savivaldybės miškuose.
Savivaldybė šias vietas skuba skelbti stichinės nelaimės zona. Stichinė nelaimė pagal Miškų įstatymą skelbiama, kai savivaldybės teritorijoje išdžiūvusių, išverstų, išlaužytų, išdegusių arba kitaip pažeistų medynų tūris sudaro daugiau kaip 25 tūkstančius kubinių metrų. Tai reiškia, kad kirsti ir išvežti pažeistus medžius būtina skubiai, kitaip kyla pavojus sveikiems medžiams.
„Šiais metais mes jau buvom apsigaudę situaciją 6 ha plote, ir dabar šita vėjovarta, vėjolauža, kuri įvyko liepos 28–29 dienomis, vėl situaciją atnaujino. Nes tai kas dabar išvirtę – žali medžiai, vėl yra kur veistis tam žievėgraužiui“, – teigia Trakų regioninio padalinio Vievio girininkijos specialistė Ramunė Raudžiuvienė.
Svarbu pastebėti laiku
Valstybinių miškų urėdijos atstovas sako esą žievėgraužis tipografas didžiausiu galvos skausmu tapęs ne tik apie Trakus. Viena po kitos eglės išguldytos Kazlų Rudos, Šalčininkų, Vilniaus rajono savivaldybėse.
„Iki rugsėjo pirmosios per visą šalį virš 350 000 kubinių metrų“, – sako Miško apsaugos skyriaus vadovas Marius Ivanauskas.
Labai svarbu žievėgraužį apžiūrėti laiku, ir ne tik dėl to, kad jis gali įsisukti kitame medyje. Svarbu ir jau pažeistą gelbėti, kitaip jis keliaus į krosnį. Mat stipriau pažeista mediena – netinkama perdirbti.
„Bėda ta, kad tipografo vabalai įsigrauždami atsineša ir grybines ligas. Tada mediena žymiai greičiau genda. Tai yra jeigu laiku jos neapdoroti neišvežti, neišnaikinti, ji pamėlynuoja, pajuosta“, – aiškina Marius Ivanauskas.
Žievėgraužis tipografas retai užpuola sveiką eglę. Dažniausiai puola išverstą ar jau pasiligojusią. Vabalo paskirtis ir yra atlikti sanitaro vaidmenį, sunaikinti sergantį medį. Tik štai kol medžio neužpuola dvidešimt ar trisdešimt tūkstančių tokių vabalų. Didžiulį kiekį sunkiai atlaiko net ir pačios sveikiausios eglės. Štai todėl, kaip sako miškininkai, būtina stebėti, ar nėra masinės tokių vabalų atakos. O pastebėti – nėra lengva.
Požymis – išskirtiniai milteliai
Kol kas kenkėjas ir žala plika akimi pamatomi, kai jau medžiui pagelbėti negalima.
Žievėgraužis tipografas gali sukinėtis ne tik miške. Jeigu sodyboje turime eglių, turėtume labai gerai įsižiūrėti ar neįsisukęs jis tenai. Vienas iš pirmųjų požymių – vadinamieji kavos tirščiai, juos galima pamatyti plika akimi.
Šiemet miškininkai džiaugiasi bent tuo, kad tipografas nepridarė tiek žalos, kiek planuota. Mažiau žalos buvo nei pernai. Pernai birželį valstybiniuose miškuose buvo nustatyta per 308 629 kubinių metrų žievėgraužio tipografo apniktų eglių židinių, o šeimet birželį – 216 109 kubinių metrų.
Mat oro sąlygos buvo palankios eglėms – daugiau lijo, tad ir medžiai nenukentėjo nuo sausros, o tai reiškia, kad buvo atsparesni ir kenkėjams. Jeigu dar bus ir šalta, atodrėkių dovanosianti žiema, kitais metais žievėgraužio tipografo atakų gali ir dar labiau sumažėti.
Daugiau apie tai sužinokite vaizdo reportaže, esančiame straipsnio viršuje.
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